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> Mirror of <https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/data/data-cloud-query-guide/references/dc-sql-reference/datetime-operators.html> (Salesforce, Data 360 Query Guide), read 2026-10-23. Salesforce's own page is the authority; this copy exists because that site refuses non-browser readers.

## Date/Time Operators

**Applies to:** ✅ Data 360 SQL ✅ Tableau Hyper API

Arithmetic and time-zone operators for dates, times, timestamps, and intervals.

The `+` and `*` operators have commutative pairs. For example, both `date + integer` and `integer + date` are valid.

| Operation | Return Type | Example |
| --- | --- | --- |
| `date + integer` | `date` | `date '2024-03-15' + 7` → `2024-03-22` |
| `date + interval` | `timestamp` | `date '2024-03-15' + interval '1 day'` → `2024-03-16 00:00:00` |
| `date + time` | `timestamp` | `date '2024-03-15' + time '10:00:00'` → `2024-03-15 10:00:00` |
| `interval + interval` | `interval` | `interval '1 hour' + interval '30 minutes'` → `01:30:00` |
| `timestamp + interval` | `timestamp` | `timestamp '2024-03-15 12:00:00' + interval '2 hours'` → `2024-03-15 14:00:00` |
| `time + interval` | `time` | `time '12:00:00' + interval '1 hour'` → `13:00:00` |
| `- interval` | `interval` | `- interval '1 hour'` → `-01:00:00` |
| `date - date` | `integer` | `date '2024-03-22' - date '2024-03-15'` → `7` |
| `date - integer` | `date` | `date '2024-03-22' - 7` → `2024-03-15` |
| `date - interval` | `timestamp` | `date '2024-03-16' - interval '1 day'` → `2024-03-15 00:00:00` |
| `time - time` | `interval` | `time '14:00:00' - time '12:00:00'` → `02:00:00` |
| `time - interval` | `time` | `time '13:00:00' - interval '1 hour'` → `12:00:00` |
| `timestamp - interval` | `timestamp` | `timestamp '2024-03-15 14:00:00' - interval '2 hours'` → `2024-03-15 12:00:00` |
| `interval - interval` | `interval` | `interval '1 hour' - interval '30 minutes'` → `00:30:00` |
| `timestamp - timestamp` | `interval` | `timestamp '2024-03-15 14:00:00' - timestamp '2024-03-15 12:00:00'` → `02:00:00` |
| `interval * integer` | `interval` | `interval '30 minutes' * 2` → `01:00:00` |
| `interval * double precision` | `interval` | `interval '1 hour' * 1.5` → `01:30:00` |
| `interval / double precision` | `interval` | `interval '1 hour' / 2` → `00:30:00` |

Use the `at time zone` operator to convert between `timestamp` and `timestamp with time zone` values. Specify the time zone as a name or as a UTC offset interval.

| Operation | Return Type | Example |
| --- | --- | --- |
| `timestamp at time zone 'timezone'` | `timestamptz` | `timestamp '2001-08-16 20:38:40' at time zone 'Europe/Berlin'` → `2001-08-16 18:38:40+00` (assumes the default time zone is UTC) |
| `timestamptz at time zone 'timezone'` | `timestamp` | `timestamptz '2001-08-16 18:38:40+00' at time zone 'Europe/Berlin'` → `2001-08-16 20:38:40` |
| `timestamp at time zone interval 'interval'` | `timestamptz` | `timestamp '2001-08-16 20:38:40' at time zone interval '+2:00'` → `2001-08-16 18:38:40+00` (assumes the default time zone is UTC) |
| `timestamptz at time zone interval 'interval'` | `timestamp` | `timestamptz '2001-08-16 18:38:40+00' at time zone interval '+2:00'` → `2001-08-16 20:38:40` |

*   Data 360 SQL outputs interval data in the [ISO-8601 style](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601#Time_intervals). For example, `P1DT2H3M4S` corresponds to 1 day, 2 hours, 3 minutes, and 4 seconds.
*   To find the number of seconds between two timestamps and adjust for month lengths, time zone changes, and daylight saving time, use `EXTRACT(EPOCH FROM ...)` on each value and subtract the results. The `-` operator makes the same adjustments but returns the result as an interval of days, hours, minutes, and seconds.

These queries show the difference between the two approaches. The samples use `timezone = 'US/Eastern'` and span a daylight saving time change.

*   [EXTRACT and date_part](https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/data/data-cloud-query-guide/references/dc-sql-reference/extract.html)
*   [Date/Time Types](https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/data/data-cloud-query-guide/references/dc-sql-reference/datetime.html)
*   [Date/Time Functions and Operators](https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/data/data-cloud-query-guide/references/dc-sql-reference/datetime-func.html)


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